In the United States Armed Forces, the ranks of warrant officer and commissioned chief warrant officer —NATO: WO1–CWO5—are rated as officers above all non-commissioned officers, candidates, cadets, and midshipmen, but subordinate to the lowest commissioned officer grade of O‑1. This application differs from the Commonwealth of Nations and other militaries, where warrant officers are the most senior of the other ranks, equivalent to the U.S. Armed Forces senior enlisted grades of E‑8 and E‑9.